What substance in breast milk contains protein and antibodies to protect newborns from infections?

• A. Foremilk
• B. Colostrum
• C. Transitional milk
• D. Human milk

Answer: (B)

Colostrum is the first form of breast milk produced during late pregnancy and the initial days after giving birth. It is highly concentrated and rich in proteins, antibodies, and essential nutrients that are crucial for a newborn's immune system. The antibodies present in colostrum, including immunoglobulin A (IgA), play a significant role in protecting infants from infections by providing passive immunity. This early nourishment helps to establish a newborn's immune response and lays the foundation for their overall health.

The other types of breast milk, such as foremilk, transitional milk, and human milk, do serve important functions as well, but colostrum is particularly critical during the first few days postpartum for its unique composition that specifically addresses the vulnerable immune needs of newborns. Thus, colostrum’s role in supplying crucial proteins and antibodies is why it is the correct answer to the question.