What is the first phase of the ovulation-menstruation cycle called?

• A. Menses
• B. Ovulation
• C. Follicular phase
• D. Luteal phase

Answer: (A)

The correct answer is the follicular phase. The ovulation-menstruation cycle, also known as the menstrual cycle, begins with this phase. During the follicular phase, which starts on the first day of menstruation, the pituitary gland releases follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). This hormone is crucial as it stimulates the ovaries to produce follicles, each containing an immature egg.

As the follicles mature, they produce estrogen, which leads to the thickening of the uterine lining, preparing it for a potential pregnancy. The follicular phase continues until ovulation occurs, typically around the midpoint of the cycle when a mature egg is released from the dominant follicle.

While menses refers to the shedding of the uterine lining at the end of the cycle, ovulation marks the release of the egg, and the luteal phase follows ovulation and involves the preparation of the uterus for implantation. Therefore, the follicular phase is indeed the first phase of the cycle, setting the stage for the subsequent events.